Epitalon
Epitalon (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) is a synthetic tetrapeptide modeled on epithalamin, an extract of the pineal gland. Preclinical literature has investigated Epitalon as a regulatory peptide associated with telomerase signaling, oxidative-stress responses, and circadian neuroendocrine pathways in cellular and animal systems.
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The information provided is for educational and informational purposes only and should not be interpreted as medical advice. All products described herein are intended strictly for laboratory and research use. They are not approved for human or veterinary administration, and should only be handled by qualified professionals in controlled research environments. Any clinical research must be conducted under the supervision and approval of an Institutional Review Board (IRB), and all preclinical studies must adhere to Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) guidelines in accordance with the Animal Welfare Act (AWA). Users are encouraged to conduct their own due diligence, referencing trusted scientific sources and verifying all information independently before making any purchasing or experimental decisions.
⚠️ Notice: All products are sold for laboratory and research purposes only. They are not intended for diagnostic, therapeutic, or personal use under any circumstances.
Epitalon
Overview
Epitalon (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) is a synthetic tetrapeptide modeled on epithalamin, an extract of the pineal gland. Preclinical literature has investigated Epitalon as a regulatory peptide associated with telomerase signaling, oxidative-stress responses, and circadian neuroendocrine pathways in cellular and animal systems.
Mechanistic Insights
1. Telomerase/Telomere Signaling
- In human fibroblast cultures, Epitalon was reported to increase telomerase activity and was associated with telomere length stabilization, consistent with delayed replicative-senescence markers; proposed mechanisms include modulation of TERT transcription and chromosomal end protection in vitro.
2. Neuroendocrine/Circadian Modulation
- Pineal-hypothalamic signaling has been investigated in rodent models, where pineal-derived peptides were associated with normalized melatonin rhythms and circadian markers.
3. Antioxidant Pathways
- In aging rat tissues, Epitalon increased superoxide dismutase/catalase activity and reduced lipid peroxidation indices (e.g., MDA), indicating modulation of antioxidant defenses.
4. Immune/Apoptotic Regulation
- Animal studies observed changes in thymic morphology, T-cell differentiation markers, and apoptosis of senescent cells, consistent with maintenance of immune surveillance in aging models.
Key Research Findings / Observations
- Telomere maintenance (preclinical): In vitro, Epitalon stimulated telomerase and extended culture lifespan markers in human somatic cells; rodent studies reported shifts toward increased survival and reduced age-related pathology.
- Oxidative and mitochondrial indices: Lower MDA and higher SOD/catalase activity; mitochondrial ultrastructure reported to be preserved in aging tissues.
- Circadian markers: Aged-animal studies showed higher nocturnal melatonin and more regular circadian hormone patterns; human data, when cited, are included only as mechanistic background.
- Immune/endocrine parameters: Thymic “rejuvenation” markers and balanced cytokine profiles consistent with reduced low-grade inflammation.
- Oncologic surveillance (preclinical): Lower spontaneous tumor incidence and delayed neoplasm onset in rodents, interpreted mechanistically as enhanced genome-maintenance signaling.
- Neuroprotection (preclinical): Resistance to oxidative/excitotoxic injury with reported improvements in synaptic marker expression.
Research References
- Khavinson VK, Morozov VG (2003) Biogerontology 4:193–199.
- Anisimov VN et al. (2003) Mech Ageing Dev 124:777–781.
- Khavinson VK et al. (2000) Bull Exp Biol Med 129:679–681.
- Arutjunyan AV et al. (2001) Adv Gerontol 7:45–49.
- Khavinson VK et al. (2002) Neuroendocrinol Lett 23(S1):45–47.
- Anisimov VN et al. (2001) Exp Gerontol 36:1069–1076.
- Khavinson VK et al. (2005) Bull Exp Biol Med 140:58–61.
- Arutjunyan AV et al. (2005) Biochemistry (Moscow) 70:100–105.
- Khavinson VK et al. (2004) Arch Gerontol Geriatr 39:37–46.
- Anisimov VN et al. (2011) Curr Aging Sci 4:33–41.
Product Specifications
C₁₄H₂₂N₄O₉
390.35 g/mol
307297-39-8
Epithalamin; Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly
Lyophilized powder
Keep refrigerated upon reconstitution
Soluble in sterile water and 0.9% NaCl solution
Research-use only. All information summarizes preclinical and in-vitro studies and is not intended for diagnostic, therapeutic, or personal use.
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